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Plant rhabdoviruses

书籍:病毒手册

出处:按学科分类—生物科学 复旦大学出版社《病毒手册》第609页(2770字)

【释文】:

文献 Martelli,G.P. & Russo,M.《The Atlas of Insect and Plant Viruses》p.181;Intervirology(1982),17/1-3/82,p.112.

形态与组分 杆菌状,弹状和长形,160~380×50~95纳米,或报道135~380×45~95纳米和130~500×45~100纳米。粒子表面有六边形结构,核衣壳螺旋排列,直径18~20纳米,螺距45~55Å,核衣壳与囊膜的间距6~10纳米,囊膜为双层结构,厚10纳米。核酸为单链RNA,分子量4000000,含量0.6%~5%,核酸本身是无感染性的负链,也不是信息的直接输送者。有5种蛋白质,即M、N、G、L、NS蛋白。

生物学特性 寄主很广泛,都是系统感染,引起叶子花叶、坏死,抑制寄主发育和无籽,有些寄主为隐性感染。介体目前只知有蚜虫,7种叶蝉和1种蝽蟓,其中大多数病毒都不知其传播介体。致死温度50℃左右,体外保毒期几个小时,对有机溶剂敏感。蛋白质是很弱的免疫原。有些病毒可能引起寄主产生内含体。某些病毒能凝集鹅的红细胞。

分类 是弹状病毒科(Rhabdouiridae)中以植物为寄主的一大类病毒。其中又分A、B2个亚群及其他许多病毒,具体如下:A亚群有Lettuce necrotie yellows virus,Broccoli necrotic yellows virus,Sonchus virus,Wheat striate mosaic virus.B亚群有Potato yellow dwarf virus,Eggplant mottled dwarf virus,Sonchus yellow net virus,Sowthistle yellow vein virus。其他可能成员有蚜虫传播的 Carrot latent virus,Lucerne enation virus,Parsley latent virus, Raspberry vein chlorosis virus, Strawberry crinkle virus;叶蝉传播的Barley yellow striate mosaic virus,Cereal chlorotic mottle virus,Colocasia bobone disease virus,Digitaria striate virus,Finger millet mosaic virus,Maize mosaic virus,Northern cereal mosaic virus,Oat striate virus,Rice transitory yellowing virus,Russian winter wheat mosaic virus,Sorghum stunt mosaic virus,Wheat chlorotic streak virus;网蝽传播的Beet leaf curl virus;蜱螨传播的Coffee ringspot virus和传播介体不明的Chrysanthemum frutescens virus,Cow parsnip mosaic virus,Cynara virus,Endive virus,Gomphrena virus,Melilotus latent virus,Pelargonium vein clearing virus,Pisum virus,Pittosporum vein yellowing virus,Raphanus virus。仅以病毒粒子形态特征类似而属于该类病毒的有Atropa belladonna virus,Callistephus chinensis chlorosis virus.Carnation bacilliform virus,Cassava symptomless virus,Chondrilla juncea stunting virus,Chrysanthemum vein chlorosis virus,Clover enation virus,Euonymus fasciation virus,Fesfuca leaf streak virus,Gerbera symptomless virus,Holcus lanatus yellowing virus,lris germanica leaf stripe virus,Ivy vein clearing virus,Laburnum yellow vein virus,Laelia red leafspot virus Launea arborescens stunt virus,Lemon scented thyme leaf chlorosis virus Lolium(ryegrass)virus,Lotus stem necrosis virus,Lupin yellow vein virus,Malue silve stris virus,Melon variegation virus,Patchouli(Pogostemon patchouli)mottle virus,Pigeon pea(Cajanus cajan)proliferation virus,Pineapple chlorotic leaf streak virus.Plantain(Plantago lanceolata)mottle virus,Ranunculus repens symptomless virus,Red clover mosaic virus,Saintpaulia leaf necrosis virus.Sambucus vein clearing virus,Sarracenia purpurea virus,Triticum aestivum chlorotic spot virus,Vigna sinensis mosaic virus,Zea mays virus。无囊膜包被的有Citrus leprosis virus,Dendrebium leaf streak virus,Orchid fleck virus.Phalaenopsis chlorotic spot virus。总共有75种病毒。

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